*Czars
CZARS....Hilzoy is pleased by one of Barack Obama's recent decisions:
I was absolutely thrilled by one fact in this post: the claim that Obama and his team do not plan to use the word 'czar'.
Thank heavens. We've had drug czars, energy czars; we may yet get a car czar. I'm tired of czars. And why czars, anyways?
Hmmm. Where did this whole czar business come from, anyway? My first recollection of it is Richard Nixon appointing an "energy czar" in response to oil production peaking in the United States, by the way, not the Arab oil embargo but a quick glance through Nexis shows several earlier uses. The first one I found was in 1969, when New York City controller Abraham Beame apparently decided the city needed to appoint a "construction czar" to get schools built more quickly. If Nexis went back further, I'd probably find earlier examples.
The usage is pretty obvious a czar is a ruthless, absolute monarch who can shred the bureaucracy and get things done but when did it first pop into use to describe a political appointee of some kind? Anyone have examples from earlier than 1969?
Continues Below
Continued From Above
Comments
Thomas Brackett Reed, (October 18, 1839 ? December 7, 1902), occasionally ridiculed as Czar Reed, was a U.S. Representative from Maine, and Speaker of the House from 1889?1891 and from 1895?1899. He was a powerful leader of the Republican party but was unable to stop the Spanish-American War. [from wikipaedia]
From September 1, 1926, New York Times:
CITY MILK DEALERS TO APPOINT A'CZAR'
Determined to "clean house" and obtain the favorable opinion of the public, the Milk Chamber of Commerce, an organization of Independent milk dealers in New York, has decided to appoint a supreme arbiter of the industry who will work on lines similar to those of Will Hays in the motion-picture field.
They could at least use the more accurate transliteration "Tsar."
I'm pretty sure Russia used the term Czar awhile ago, like in the 1800s.
More like 1400's - 1917
.
Thomas Brackett Reed, (October 18, 1839 December 7, 1902), occasionally ridiculed as Czar Reed, was a U.S. Representative from Maine, and Speaker of the House from 18891891 and from 18951899. He was a powerful leader of the Republican party but was unable to stop the Spanish-American War. [from wikipaedia]
Add to my comments in #3, above:
Food Czar
The Washington Post, Dec 8, 1942, p.12
Executive orders creating new czars to control various aspects of our wartime economy have come so thick and fast in the last week that it is difficult for the public to remember all of them. In rapid succession we have acquired a petroleum czar, a manpower czar, and a food czar. These, of course, were added to a long list of other super-executives directing war production, economic stabilization, price fixing, transportation, and so forth. So far as we can determine, the galaxy of czars is now complete, unless the President should decide to appoint a czar over the czars.
Actually, in English we like to use words derived from Asian political offices to denote people with enormous, unspecified powers--czar, mogul, and tycoon are all examples. They idea is to evoke stereotypes about "Oriental despotism," I suppose.
Am I the only person old enough to remember this? Sigh...
During the first oil crisis back in 1973-74, Nixon appointed Bill Simon head of the Federal Energy Office (this was before we had a Department of Energy). Simon was christened "the energy czar" and was given pretty sweeping authority. He did things like put price controls on oil and instituted even/odd day gasoline rationing. He also took a liking to the term and often referred to himself as a "czar" and the term took hold in the popular consciousness, including, as I remember, regular appearances in Doonesbury.
So while the term may have been used prior to that, it was Simon who set the pattern. This became even more ingrained when Jimmy Carter appointed his own "energy czar" (James Schlesinger) a few years later.
Here are a couple references on the subject
Karl,
As far as stereotypes go I'm pretty sure Orientals were 'cunning' and 'inscrutable.'
I've got a book of "10,000 Jokes" printed in the sixties and the stereotypes were rampant and certainly not limited to 'Orientals.'
I second and third Wes on "homeland." That word is creepy creepy creepy.
I agree with all on "Homeland". It is creepy. Think Stalin, Hitler, Bush and Cheney.
And under Bush, there was insufficient "Homeland" protection and too much creepy.
The OED traces this particular usage back to 1933 in Samuel Walker's Nightclub Era: "There are several versions of why Mulrooney quit the job to become the state beer 'Czar'."
A related usage in the sense of a powerful political person who is not in fact king of all the Russias is traced to 1866 in Sperber and Trittusch's American Political Terms: "There wuz an immense crowd, but the Czar uv all the Amerikas didn't get orf his speech here."
"Obama may be eschewing the term 'czar', but it doesn't look like the media will let it die."
An obvious theory: Politicians do not generally call themselves or their appointees czars but journalists cling to the word because it is short and exotic and fits easily into newspaper headlines, sound bites, and cliched minds.
Victoria Cochrane writes for
Victoria Cochrane writes for a digital marketing agency. This article has been commissioned by a client of said agency. This article is not designed to promote, but should be considered professional content.
UGG Layback Slipper Genuine
Tiffany Cuff replica
Tiffany Earrings replica
Tiffany Necklaces replica
Tiffany sets replica
Tiffany Accessories replica
UGG Halendi Sandal
UGG Hammond Slipper
UGG Layback Slipper
UGG Napoule Sandal
UGG Persephone Sandal
Jaquet droz watches
Bvlgari replica
replica Rolex Datejust II
replica Rolex Datejust
replica Rolex Submariner
replica Yachtmaster
replica Rolex Day-Date II
replica Rolex Daytona
replica Rolex Explorer
replica Rolex GMT
replica Rolex Sea-Dweller
replica Rolex Day Date
replica Rolex Masterpiece
replica Rolex Milgauss
A.Lange & Sohne replica
Audemars Piguet replica
Bell & Ross replica
replica watches A.Lange &
replica watches
A.Lange & Sohne watch for sale
Alain Silberstein watch for sale
Audemars Piguet watch for sale
Bell & Ross watch for sale
Breguet watch for sale
Breitling watch for sale
Burberry watch for sale
Bvlgari watch for sale
Cartier watch for sale
chopard watch for sale
croum watch for sale
DeWitt watch for sale
ebel watch for sale
Ferrari watch for sale
Franck Muller watch for sale
Glashutte watch for sale
Graham watch for sale
Hermes watch for sale
Hublot watch for sale
IWC watch for sale
Jaquet droz watch for sale
Lady Watch for sale
Longines watch for sale
Louis Vuitton watch for sale
Maurice Lacroix watch for sale
Montblanc watch for sale
movado watch for sale
omega watch for sale
oris watch for sale
Panerai watch for sale
Piaget watch for sale
Rado watch for sale
Tag Heuer watch for sale
Tudor watch for sale
U-boat watch for sale
Rolex watch for sale
Rolex Air-King watch for sale
Rolex Datejust II watch for sale
Rolex Datejust watch for sale
Rolex Submariner watch for sale
Yachtmaster watch for sale
Rolex Day-Date II watch for sale
Rolex Daytona watch for sale
Rolex Explorer watch for sale
Rolex GMT watch for sale
Rolex Sea-Dweller watch for sale
Rolex Day Date watch for sale
Rolex Masterpiece watch for sale
Rolex Milgauss watch for sale


