Uncle Sam's Human Lab Rats

They say government scientists messed with their minds. Now, veterans of secret psychedelic tests want answers.
Their stories are a staple of conspiracy culture: broken men, suffering hallucinations and near-total amnesia, who say they are victims of secret government mind-control experiments. Think Liev Schreiber in The Manchurian Candidate or Mel Gibson in Conspiracy Theory. Journalists are a favorite target for the paranoid delusions of this population. So is Gordon Erspamer—and the San Francisco lawyer's latest case isn't helping him to fend off the tinfoil-hat crowd. He has filed suit against the CIA and the US Army on behalf of the Vietnam Veterans of America and six former American soldiers who claim they are the real thing: survivors of classified government tests conducted at the Army's Edgewood Arsenal in Maryland between 1950 and 1975. "I get a lot of calls," he says. "There are a lot of crazy people out there who think that somebody from Mars is controlling their behavior via radio waves." But when it comes to Edgewood, "I'm finding that more and more of those stories are true!"
That government scientists conducted human experiments at Edgewood is not in question. "The program involved testing of nerve agents, nerve agent antidotes, psychochemicals, and irritants," according to a 1994 General Accounting Office (now the Government Accountability Office) report (PDF). At least 7,800 US servicemen served "as laboratory rats or guinea pigs" at Edgewood, alleges Erspamer's complaint, filed in January in a federal district court in California. The Department of Veterans Affairs has reported that military scientists tested hundreds of chemical and biological substances on them, including VX, tabun, soman, sarin, cyanide, LSD, PCP, and World War I-era blister agents like phosgene and mustard. The full scope of the tests, however, may never be known. As a CIA official explained to the GAO, referring to the agency's infamous MKULTRA mind-control experiments, "The names of those involved in the tests are not available because names were not recorded or the records were subsequently destroyed." Besides, said the official, some of the tests involving LSD and other psychochemical drugs "were administered to an undetermined number of people without their knowledge."
Continues Below
Continued From Above
Erspamer's plaintiffs claim that, although they volunteered for the Edgewood program, they were never adequately informed of the potential risks and continue to suffer debilitating health effects as a result of the experiments. They hope to force the CIA and the Army to admit wrongdoing, inform them of the specific substances they were exposed to, and provide access to subsidized health care to treat their Edgewood-related ailments. Despite what they describe as decades of suffering resulting from their Edgewood experiences, the former soldiers are not seeking monetary damages; a 1950 Supreme Court decision, the Feres case, precludes military personnel from suing the federal government for personal injuries sustained in the line of duty. The CIA's decision to use military personnel as test subjects followed the court's decision and is an issue Erspamer plans to raise at trial. "Suddenly, they stopped using civilian subjects and said, 'Oh, we can get these military guys for free,'" he says. "The government could do whatever it wanted to them without liability. We want to bring that to the attention of the public, because I don't think most people understand that." (Asked about Erspamer's suit, CIA spokeswoman Marie Harf would say only that the agency's human testing program has "been thoroughly investigated, and the CIA fully cooperated with each of the investigations.")
Erspamer's involvement in the case is deeply personal. His father was a government scientist during Operation Crossroads, a series of nuclear tests conducted at Bikini Atoll in the Pacific in the summer of 1946; he was present aboard a research vessel for the "Baker" test, during which a 21-kiloton thermonuclear bomb was detonated 90 feet below water. The blast resulted in massive radioactive contamination. Erspamer's father and the rest of the ship's crew, he says, all died in middle age from radiogenic diseases. Erspamer makes his living in the field of energy litigation, but has twice before argued class action suits for veterans—one for soldiers who, like his father, were exposed to radiation during nuclear tests (a case he ultimately lost in a 1992 appellate decision) and more recently one on behalf of Iraq and Afghanistan veterans denied treatment for post-traumatic stress disorder. The case is on appeal in California's 9th Circuit. "Nobody out there is doing these types of cases," he says. "It's really sad because the veterans are left holding the bag, and it's not a very pretty bag."
One of those vets is Frank Rochelle. Unlike those of other test veterans, portions of his heavily redacted medical records have survived, providing a rare, if incomplete, account of his experiences. In 1968, while posted at Virginia's Fort Lee as a 20-year-old Army draftee, he saw a notice calling for volunteers for the Edgewood program. Among the promised incentives were relief from guard duty, the freedom to wear civilian clothes, three-day weekends, and, upon completion, a medal of commendation—all for participation in experiments that, according to the notice, would help the military test a new generation of equipment, clothing, and gas masks. Upon his arrival at the testing facility in Maryland, he says he was asked to sign a series of documents, including a release form and a secrecy agreement. The tests would be risk free, he says he was told, and any drugs given would not exceed normal dosage. Over the next two months, however, he was subjected to three rounds of experiments that, Rochelle says, left him permanently damaged. His medical records indicate that he was exposed to nonlethal incapacitating agents like DHMP and glycolate, both of which act as sedatives that produce hallucinations. In the latter case, Rochelle says he was taken into a gas chamber and strapped to a chair by two men in white lab coats, who affixed a mask to his face and told him to breathe normally. He quickly lost consciousness. According to Erspamer's complaint, "Over the next two to three days, Frank was hallucinating and high: he thought he was three feet tall, saw animals on the walls, thought he was being pursued by a 6-foot-tall white rabbit, heard people calling his name, thought that all his freckles were bugs under his skin, and used a razor to try to cut these bugs out. No one from the clinical staff intervened on his behalf…"
Medical records indicate that Rochelle went through a third round of testing, but he has no memory of it. For years he's been having nightmares about the Edgewood tests and now suffers from anxiety, memory loss, sleep apnea, tinnitus, and loss of vision, all of which he claims are direct results of the experiments. Still, he didn't inform his doctor of the tests until 2006, believing that he was still bound by the oath of secrecy he swore in 1968. (The government finally released human test subjects to speak to their physicians about the tests in June 2006, under the condition that they not "discuss anything that relates to operational information that might reveal chemical or biological warfare vulnerabilities or capabilities.")
Rochelle's story is similar to those of Erspamer's other plaintiffs, all of whom claim to be suffering debilitating health effects stemming from the experiments. Of course, substantiating these claims is a challenge, given that most of the medical records were destroyed upon completion of the program. Rochelle's records remain intact, but for "others we have less information," says Erspamer. "We spent a great deal of time on that topic, and we are confident that the plaintiffs are who they say they are, were where they said they were, and got what they said they got," in terms of exposure to experimental chemicals. "Who bears the burden on that issue when the defendants destroyed the evidence?" Erspamer asks. "They've put all that stuff through the shredder."
Compensation for injuries sustained during human testing of chemical and biological agents is not unprecedented. Last year, more than 350 servicemen who served as test subjects at Porton Down, a secret military research facility where the British government conducted its own series of mind-control experiments, were granted nearly $6 million in compensation in an out-of-court settlement with the UK's Ministry of Defence. Likewise, in 2004, the Canadian government began offering $18,000 payments to eligible veterans of experiments at its testing facilities. Nevertheless, says Erspamer, "No American soldiers have ever been compensated." The CIA and the Army "just hope they're all gonna die off, and they will unless somebody does something."
Comments
Observation, Hypothesis, Experiment... Conclusion?
actually
I wonder what makes ANYBODY volunteer for the US military?!
I, too, was drafted in 1968.
Army experiments
MIND CONTROL
Guinea Pigs
Don't ask and don't tell
My father, who worked on
My father's name was Hal
Lab rats
In addition to Shock Doctrine by Naomi Klein (recommended above) Washington, Harriet Medical Apartheid looks at it from a racial angle since as Anonymous correctly remarked above it's not limited to the military. The CIA even farmed shock treatment out to the Allen Memorial in Montreal and humans were used to be deliberately exposed to the first nuclear test even though the dangers of radiation were known since Mme. Curie. Natives in Alaska just like the people living in the Marshall Islands - of which the USA was the UN trustee - were deliberately exposed to radiation to study them afterwards.
It was a good article but it's kind of sad that the entire emphasis was on the relatively small number of US vicitims in the Marshall Islands compared to the large number of natives there who are still developing cancers and who got an insult of 'reperation''.
Read Barker, Holly M. Bravo For The Marshallese or
from this article:
http://www.republic-news.org/archive/57-repub/repub_57_scheler.html
(The url might be split over 2 lines; you might have to cut/paste)
"It has been suggested that the Marshall Islanders were deliberately used as laboratory animalsÿ to assess radiation exposure effects on human health. Project 4.1, "Study of Response of Human Beings Exposed to Significant Beta and Gamma Radiation due to Fallout from High Yield Weapons," established a secret medical group to monitor and evaluate the Rongelap and Utrik people. "
Kevin Russel's comment
What a wonderful job!
What a wonderful job! 2
Try Qualudes. They were
Nicholas Dawidoff's late,damaged father Donald - MKULTRA victim?
bhfg
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For further reading - on then and now
What should happen
The more I learn...
MK Ultra
There is a psychiatrist
There is a psychiatrist (Collin) who spent his youth in the Canadian Arctic before returning to school and eventually practicing psychiatry in Winnipeg MB. Ross has published numerous articles on Dissociative Identity (Multiple Personality) and the therapy of those recalling ritual abuse. He also researched Blue Bird and Mkultra and has published a book which I believe goes by the title "Blue Bird" Ross might be an interesting name to investigate as he has quite diverse interests (researching and interviewing survivors of mind control experiments in Canada and finding obscure records) and proposes that most mental illnesses are the result of trauma ie- dissociative schizophrenia. Personally, its not a great leap to believe that just because I am paranoid doesn't mean no-one is watching me from inside or outside.
I was in Edgewood program
Maybe people might listen now
Part of the problem or part of the solution?
most Canadians know what the CIA did in Montréal
Electromagnetic Weapons
LSD experiments
Congressional checks and balances?
CONGRESS’S EXPERIMENTS CONTINUE?
Despite the efforts of some members of Congress, do the Department of Defense (DOD) U.S. Senate proven “designed to harm" experiments continue?[8] The 1950 U.S. Supreme Court FERES Doctrine determined that the U.S. Government can not be held accountable for injuries incident to U.S. Military Service.[1] The 1987 U.S. Supreme Court STANLEY [3] determined that FERES also protects the government from DOD “experiments that were designed to harm" [8] subjects. In 2006 the Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA) was signed into law.[10] In 2009, under its "NATIONAL SECURITY MISSIONS", now also continued on civilians are these DOD on Veterans lessons learned?
In 2009 the U.S. Congress still has not corrected the U.S. Senate’s 1994 reported 50 years of a DOD “experiments that were designed to harm" policy. This is their many experiments conducted on "hundreds of thousands” of U.S. Military personnel.[8] The “Veterans Right to Know Act” to establish the Veterans' Right to Know Commission was proposed in the 2005 and H.R. 4259 [109th] 2006 Congress.[9] It never became law.
"IT WAS NECESSARY "TO CONCEAL THESE ACTIVITIES FROM THE AMERICAN PUBLIC IN GENERAL," BECAUSE PUBLIC KNOWLEDGE OF THE" UNETHICAL AND ILLICIT ACTIVITIES WOULD HAVE SERIOUS REPERCUSSIONS IN POLITICAL AND DIPLOMATIC CIRCLES AND WOULD BE DETRIMENTAL TO THE ACCOMPLISHMENT OF ITS MISSION." Footnote 4, U.S. Supreme Court 1987 STANLEY military experiments case, Page 688.[3] This case confirms their FERES Doctrine [1] decision that correction is through the U.S. Congress. After STANLEY Congress passed the 1988 Veterans’ Judicial Review Act (VJRA). Established was the Legislative, Article I severely restricted, Veteran’s Court with Congress’s "The court may not review the schedule of ratings for disabilities or the policies underlying the schedule.", i.e., the needed for treatment “designed to harm" evidence. The Veterans Court Chief Judge's no teeth statement..[7] Given to the Secretary of the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) is the Judicial Branch’s final authority on “the policies underlying the schedule" questions of law; 511(a)![5] These experiments were performed under the secrecy cover of our past wars. They were in direct disobedience of the DOD Secretary's 1953 TOP SECRET order. This order was unclassified twenty two (22) years later.[2] 1953 and since known by the Secretary's of all Services, Joint Chiefs of Staff, the DOD Research and Development (R&D) Board and the U.S. Congress.
Each deliberate "to harm" project completes the R&D process. Prior R&D is reviewed. The resulting Scope of Work defines what each experiment is “designed” to accomplish. The how, where, when and who is identified. The conducted RESEARCHED cause and effects are closely followed and recorded. From the results are DEVELOPED safe production, use, treatment and protection.
The needed for treatment, experiment revealing evidence is: 1. Not in a subject’s Medical History, so that they never the wiser become. And 2. The resulting alerting injuries are not in the VA “schedule...for disabilities”! There is no, “Veterans Right to Know...”. After honorable service Congress still has not given back to veterans those rights that convicted rapists and murderers keep![6]
GIVEN THE U. S. CONGRESSIONAL, NOW 65 YEAR [8], PATTERN OF BEHAVIOR, DO NOT THE EXPERIMENTS CONTINUE UNDER THE COVER OF OUR PRESENT WARS??
REFERENCES:
[1] 1950 - Feres v. United States , 340 U.S. 135, 146 (1950).
[2] 1953 - DOD Secretary's 26 February 1953 NO non-consensual, human experiment’s Memo pages 343-345. George J. Annas and Michael A. Grodin, “The Nazi Doctors and the Nuremberg Code; Human Rights in Human Experimentation" (New York: Oxford University Press, 1992). In REFERENCE [8] as NOTES 72, 168 & 169.
[3] 1987 - U.S. SUPREME COURT, JUNE 25, 1987, U.S. V. STANLEY , 107 S. CT. 3054 (VOLUME 483 U.S. , SECTION 669, PAGES 699 TO 710). In REFERENCE [8] cited in NOTE 169.
[4] 1988 - Veterans’ Judicial Review Act (VJRA), Pub. L. No. 100-687, Div. A, 102 Stat. 4105 (8 December 1988)
[5] "United States Code (USC) Title 38, 511. Decisions of the Secretary; finality." www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/html/uscode38/uscsec3800000511----000-.html
[6] 1994 - U.S. State Dept., " U.S. Report under the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights July 1994, Article 7".
[7] 1994 - Chief Judge and colleague statements, Court of Veterans Appeals, Annual Judicial Conference, Fort Meyer, VA., 17 & 18 October 1994. www.firebase.net/state_of_court_brief.htm
[8] 1994 - December 8, 1994 REPORT 103-97 "Is Military Research Hazardous to Veterans' Health? Lessons Spanning Half a Century." Hearings Before the U.S. Senate Committee on Veterans' Affairs, 103rd Congress 2nd Session. With NOTES 1 to 170.
[9] 2005 & 2006 - “Veterans Right to Know Act” to establish the Veterans' Right to Know Commission was proposed in the 2005 and H.R. 4259 [109th] 2006 Congress.
[10] 2006 - Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority (BARDA), Bill S. 3678 2006. Signed into law 16 December 2006.
CIA tests....
I don't know if it was Hal Russel ( or not ) but the public tv channel "LINK" had a documentary a few years ago about a similiar situation and "suicide"...The son at the end was given a so-so public apology by the president Ford ( standing next to.....oh-oh Cheney & Rumsfeld )
Brain Implants and Children
Brain implants take about 10 minutes to be placed into the base of your brain through a tiny hole drilled through the top of your head above your frontal lobe and is deposited there by a long projectile between the two halves of your brain. It is tiny, made of inorganic materials and grows into your neurons using your own body minerals. Your brain potentials can be easily read by MMW antennas and recorded. They look a bit like an EKG recording. They can now be translated into any language in real time. The language center of your brain and smell is the easiest to interact with using communications technology. These regions are located in a band from ear to ear over the top. Nano (and smaller) wire or inorganic fibers can be injected and diffused throughout your brain with arterial pumping of your blood stream. These act like a bio-optic antenna. Coupled with embedded devices which are capable of interacting wirelessly with digital networks, your brain becomes interfaced to computer controlled distributed network architecture.
The drug experiments and the horrific biological experiments are absolutely horrible but they pale in comparison to direct to brain torture which is capable of anything the brain is capable of by remote, including severe pain and a shutdown of brainstem activity leading to sudden death. As horrible as the experimentation is on the military, it is far worse on a child and the children who were experimented on as part of MKUltra and other hidden social engineering programs, which are some of the worst stories in research into mind control techniques. Particularly when the fathers were being influenced by one group while the protectorates of the children by another. Drugs are just a “smokescreen” or an excuse in some cases for a technology that requires no drugs at all to produce physio and psycho-mimetic symptoms in people. The most convenient way to cover up crimes is to put the victims in prisons and psychiatric hospitals… but first they have to find an addiction for you or make up a story in hopes it will be believed. The falsification of information, otherwise known of as disinformation is done en route with a John Yoo and John J. Sie DOC that changes information on the fly. Interesting, isn’t it. Find it on Implu. He did not invent compression so there is no reason to keep him in the DOD system with laundered BCCI money with Dick Wiley and his porno network. By the way for the record, I am not and never have been nor never will be in any way a part of such an anti-Christian agenda.
The hidden agenda is a Central Powers one expanded now to include China and the ability to “sicken” the minds of men and abuse women and girls, destroy families and Western Society. Once they are “slimed” by the top secret porno network, they are sworn to secrecy in order to protect their crimes, which then expand into all other crimes and even assassinations. This is what is being said on many of the blogs, some of which are listed here in this very informative string and the reason an underling of the CIA was sent to Prison. At least he did not get beaten up and raped in the basement like the brave whistleblower for the CIA under Tenet did, or did he?
Now that MK Ultra has been declassified, it is clear that children as far back as 1957 with implants and as far back as the early 1900’s were captured and experimented on. One could probably find their bones in cages, buried in cement, under Brookhaven. They were grouped according to their favorite childhood fairy tales, such as Superman, Batman, Wizard of OZ and Cinderella. As they grew up they were put into other programs according to their proclivities and/or mind controlled degrees. As one cannot hear the subliminal thoughts/sounds easily according to the acoustic studies, it is often difficult for a victim to know they are being influenced. Further research into Augmented Cognition, which some scientists are now warning about, shows that it is possible to put a person into a type of “audio torture chamber” and repeat audio to their minds and at the very least keep them awake, causing herds of mind control victims to seek sleep medication. There is some indication that the forced remote medicine agenda of the mental and physical health portions of NIH and other programs are financed by large pharmaceutical giants.
We are all indeed witnessing the “finesse” of the end of choice and the onset of Big Brother. The real problem is that the governments are not necessarily the ones in charge of it nor responsible for it. The extent to which they are able to deal with the problem in real time is tied up legally in the courts. It is worth reading the DOD report to Congress on China for years 2005 and 2008, where it points to a planned attack, now well underway, that includes manipulation of our legal and constitutional bedrock. Our very system of Government, perhaps even our survival depends on a technical and scientific understanding of how to deal with these real threats. Dr. Robert M. Bowman, who is speaking out about these very issues on tour now on the east coast is worth listening to.
In speaking about the role of the DTRA which is really controlled by the Bechtel Corporation, how we can defend ourselves against a threat of disease when most of the virologists have disappeared along with letters by researchers like Femtobeam LLC who have important proprietary photo-bioreactors that can help eradicate disease, feed the hungry and create oil and gas. Is the quickened genomics whiz kid that good or did you think a computer would do the work? Worse, perhaps no-one is supposed to counter that threat, because they are not being paid to work for the profit of others? What was all that about Tamiflu on the Science Channel being a way to save one’s self from the flu when it is no more that a scam for star anise seeds from China? Are they holding the people at Los Alamos hostage now to keep them from being real scientists? Are they being poked for not bashing “aliens” as a fallback position? What power does this give you? What happened to the letter to Secretary Leavitt? Why did Battelle and Bechtel sign an agreement and then ignore it and tie up Walter Reed? What happened to Seymour Cray? Jeeps have a roll bar. Was he on a dangerous bridge? Speaking of bridges….
These are just a few of the unanswered questions. Others go back in time with family histories and philosophy of Governance. Who decides what the computer programming will be for the New World Order? Will women have any rights at all? What about people of color? By the way, one cannot steal and own the inventions of scientists and entrepreneurs, dead or alive, against their will and without just compensation. Did someone forget to tell Dr. Zerhouni that? Should one declare that Corporations are taking hostages of innocent US and World citizens and preventing people from exercising free speech? Good natured and well meaning scientists are the last persons in the world who would divulge any secrets to the enemy, even if all of their money has been stolen out of a so-called very secure bank account and has no way to redress grievances… like the rest of them who were put away somehow. If a soldier cannot do it, a scientist cannot and an innocent woman certainly cannot. Will they take over parenting altogether as Castro did?
It is time to stop the worldwide mind control slavery agenda and wake up to the Hitler programming. The order of the Red Rose was never supposed to be evil. And who is the White Rabbit, anyway, Phantom? Those that think it is in their own ability to move hurricanes are ignoring technology. Let us all do what can be done to alert the public to these issues without divulging how many there are and how many are missing. Isn’t that what causes disappearances? We must save the children who are buying headsets for interactive gaming. We must enact a system of “Autolaw” which is constitutional, secure and not invasive and disruptive of lives. The stories here show the realistic need for clear Personal Identifying Information that can be checked against alternatives of information, especially about the wrongly accused to discover the truth. Records should never be destroyed to cover up experimentation or the identities of those involved for big business interests and subcontractors. Thank you to the NSA and those who spend their lives protecting others. Watch out for the theft of the Femtobeam LLC optical system being built for you by others and not in your control. Keep your own lifers and strive to maintain your independence so there is OPTINT intelligence to the President that is compulsory upon subcontractors. Do not forget about the NOCs. Like an important book, when it is burned, it is lost to history and the future.
“ENERGY INDEPENDENCE FROM BIG OIL”
“FEED THE CHILDREN”
“WE OWN OUR MINDS, OUR BODIES, OUR THOUGHTS, IDEAS”
“NO-ONE SHOULD DIE FROM HEARSAY”
“IT’S ALL IN THE SPEED OF LIGHT”
“WHAT IS YOUR NAME?”
Donald Dawidoff
You published a speculative article about my late brother Donald Dawidoff which is false and cruel. The facts are wrong. Donald didn't meet the people you mention until after his first breakdown. He had long shown signs of a troubled mind. There is family history of varieties of his troubled mind. Donald had two brothers-in law, both after his graduation from Harvard. My brother had courage and a determination not to surrender to his mental illness. I think that today he would have been helped to overcome his illness with newly developed medicine. I think it is shameful to make my brother's long and brave fight against his mental illness a node in your conspiracy theorizing.
His son Nicholas's memoirs, including a book this published this year, speak for themselves. I do take exception to your implied criticism of his NYTimes magazine piece on Freeman Dyson which strove to be fair both to Dyson and his critics. Nicholas was not engaged in advocacy but balanced magazine journalism. He may not have suited you in his depiction of Freeman Dyson's ideas, but he only represented the man's beliefs as he also represented the beliefs of his critics. To connect his memoirs about his father with a magazine piece that fed your own theories is ad hominem in a most unfortunate way. Nicholas is an excellent,fair and nonideological writer, as his many books and magazine articles amply demonstrate. Your making up dots to connect is understandable if you are trying to discover a conspiracy. But in this instance you are barking up the wrong tree. Donald's memory deserves better and Mother Jones should stand for something better in its editorial policies. I can only wish you had had second thoughts, more responsible thoughts before launching such a speculative account. I do not dismiss your larger project but strenuously do dismiss your characterization of my brother's illness. Robert Dawidoff
Donald Dawidoff
You published a speculative article about my late brother Donald Dawidoff which is false and cruel. The facts are wrong. Donald didn't meet the people you mention until after his first breakdown. He had long shown signs of a troubled mind. There is family history of varieties of his troubled mind. Donald had two brothers-in law, both after his graduation from Harvard. My brother had courage and a determination not to surrender to his mental illness. I think that today he would have been helped to overcome his illness with newly developed medicine. I think it is shameful to make my brother's long and brave fight against his mental illness a node in your conspiracy theorizing.
His son Nicholas's memoirs, including a book this published this year, speak for themselves. I do take exception to your implied criticism of his NYTimes magazine piece on Freeman Dyson which strove to be fair both to Dyson and his critics. Nicholas was not engaged in advocacy but balanced magazine journalism. He may not have suited you in his depiction of Freeman Dyson's ideas, but he only represented the man's beliefs as he also represented the beliefs of his critics. To connect his memoirs about his father with a magazine piece that fed your own theories is ad hominem in a most unfortunate way. Nicholas is an excellent,fair and nonideological writer, as his many books and magazine articles amply demonstrate. Your making up dots to connect is understandable if you are trying to discover a conspiracy. But in this instance you are barking up the wrong tree. Donald's memory deserves better and Mother Jones should stand for something better in its editorial policies. I can only wish you had had second thoughts, more responsible thoughts before launching such a speculative account. I do not dismiss your larger project but strenuously do dismiss your characterization of my brother's illness. Robert Dawidoff
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